牛津词典年度词汇究竟什么情况?牛津词典年度词汇背后的真相( 二 )
realm
/r?lm/
书面语 , 表示(知识、活动、思想的)领域 , 范围” , 英文解释为a general area of knowledge, activity, or thought” , 如:
the spiritual realm 精神领域
the realm of politics 政治领域
metaphor
表示隐喻 , 暗喻” , 英文解释为a way of describing something by referring to it as something different and suggesting that it has similar qualities to that thing” , 举个????:
She uses some wonderful images and metaphors in her writing.
她在作品中用了一些绝妙的比喻和暗喻 。
也可以表示象征” , 英文解释为something that represents a general idea or quality” , 举个????:
The divided family remains a powerful metaphor for a society that continued to tear itself apart.
破裂的家庭仍然是一个持续分裂的社会的有力象征 。
It adds the "Me Too" movement has "put the spotlight on toxic masculinity" whereas in politics more broadly "the word has been applied to the rhetoric, policies, agendas and legacies of leaders and governments around the globe."
masculinity
/?m?skj??l?n?t?/
表示男性;阳性;男子气 , 阳刚之气” , 英文解释为the features and qualities considered to be typical of men” , 举个????:
The old ideas of masculinity do not work for most men.
过去对阳刚味的看法已不适用于大多数男人了 。
与之相对的词是:femininity表示 女性;女子气质(尤指温柔、娇小和美丽)” , 英文解释为qualities that are considered to be typical of women, especially qualities that are gentle, delicate, and pretty.”
rhetoric
/\'ret?r?k,ˋr?t?r?k/
1)表示辞令;巧辩;(尤指)花言巧语 , 浮夸之词” , 英文解释为language that is used to persuade or influence people, especially language that sounds impressive but is not actually sincere or useful” , 举个????:
The speech was dismissed by some people as merely political rhetoric.
有些人认为这场演讲只是华而不实的政治空谈 。
2)表示修辞学” , 英文解释:the art of speaking or writing to persuade or influence people.
相关背景
牛津词典美国管理部门主管马丁(Katherine Connor Martin)表示 , 该词在这一年来更加广泛的应用 , toxic出现更多不一样的衍生含义 , 如直男癌(toxic masculinity)、毒性化学物质(toxic chemical)等 。 不仅被用以讨论环境毒害、政治语言的伤害力 , toxic masculinity更在#MeToo运动中发展出强烈的破坏力 。(ETtoday國際新聞)
注:联合报、自由时报等媒体将toxic masculinity译为:有毒阳刚味 。
文章图片
图为印度严重的空气污染被形容作toxic” 。
It certainly seems to have made its mark on CNN -- with around 600 news stories and opinion pieces online featuring the word in 2018 so far, popping up in articles about everything from US President Donald Trump, to conspiracy website Infowars, the national debt, Michigan\'s drinking water and Tide pods.
第二个词
表示密谋 , 阴谋” , 英文解释为a secret plan made by two or more people to do something that is harmful or illegal” , 举个????:
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