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如何使用正式和非正式英语 Formal and Informal English( 三 )


In fact, you could even leave out the word "you" and just ask a question with one word: sure?
例如，在问题“你确定吗？”当中，你会省去“are”这个词，只说“你确定？”事实上，你甚至可以省去“you”这个单词，就用一个词来提问：确定？
Let's see some more examples of this: Will you be joining us? (Formal—full form)
我们再看一些例子 。你会加入我们吗？（正式-完整形式）
Are you coming? (neutral—full form) You coming? (Informal—short form)
你要来吗？（中性-完整形式）你来吗？（非正式-简短形式）
Do you have any suggestions? (Formal—full form) Have you got any ideas? (neutral—full form)
你有什么建议吗？（正式-完整形式）你有什么想法吗？（中性-完整形式）
Any ideas? (Informal—short form) Do you notice any other differences between the formal, neutral and informal sentences you've seen in this section?
有什么想法吗？（非正式-简短形式）你在这一组中有注意到正式、中性和非正式的句子之间有什么不同吗？
You might notice that we use different words in formal, neutral and informal English.
Vocabulary is another important difference between formal and informal language.
你可能注意到我们在正式、中性和非正式英语中使用不同的词 。词汇是正式语言和非正式语言的另一个重要区别 。
Let's look! Formal English tends to use more literary, rare or old-fashioned vocabulary.
我们来看看！正式英语倾向于使用更多文学的、稀有的或过时的词汇 。
Generally, if you want to be formal, you need to be very precise with your use of vocabulary.
Neutral English tends to use simpler, more common words.
一般而言，如果你想正式点，你需要非常精确地使用词汇 。中性英语倾向于使用更简单、更常见的词 。
Informal English, like neutral English, uses simple and common vocabulary.
However, informal English also includes slang, phrasal verbs and colloquial language which are not features of neutral English.
非正式英语和中性英语一样，使用更简单和更常见的词汇 。
然而，非正式英语还包括俚语、短语动词和口语，这些都不是中性英语的特点 。
Informal English is also generally looser.
It uses more general words, and the meaning is understood from the context.
非正式英语也普遍比较不严谨 。它使用更一般的词，意思是从上下文中理解的 。
Let's look at this in some more detail. We need to verify the data before we proceed.
我们更详细地看一下 。在进行之前，我们需要核实数据 。
We need to check the data before we continue. We need to check everything before we carry on.
在继续之前，我们需要检查数据 。在继续之前，我们需要检查一切 。
You can see that the formal sentence uses more literary vocabulary: verify instead of check, and proceed instead of continue.
The neutral sentence uses simple, common words.
你可以看到，正式句子使用了更多文学词汇：验证而不是检查，进行而不是继续 。中性句子使用简单、常见的词 。
The informal sentence is less precise: instead of saying the "data", we say "everything".
It also uses a phrasal verb: "carry on" instead of "proceed" or "continue".
非正式句子不那么精确：我们不是说“数据”，而是说“一切” 。它也使用了一个动词短语：carry on,而不是proceed或continue（都是继续） 。
In informal English, it's common to use vocabulary in a less precise way.
For example, you might use words like "stuff" or "things" to refer to specific things.
在非正式英语中，用词不那么精确也是很常见的 。
例如，你可以使用诸如“东西”之类的词来指具体的事物 。
You wouldn't do this if you were speaking formally.
For example: You are required to collect your belongings and vacate the premises.
如果你是正式说话，就不会这么做了 。例如：你被要求把你的所有物收拾在一起并腾出房屋 。
You need to take your personal possessions and leave the building.
You need to get your stuff together and get out.
你需要带走你的私人物品并离开大楼 。你需要把你的东西带齐然后出去 。
Again, you can see more literary vocabulary in the formal sentence (required, collect, belongings, vacate, premises).
On the other hand, the informal sentence uses more basic vocabulary, including multi-part verbs like get… together or get out.
再次，你可以看到更多文学词汇使用在正式句子当中（要求、收拾、所有物、腾空、房屋） 。另一方面，非正式句子使用更多基本词汇，包括多部分动词，如“把...收拾在一起”或“出去” 。


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